Poinsettia plant named `846`

ABSTRACT

Poinsettia `846` is a new cultivar, distinguished by large dark red, flower bracts, dark green foliage, self-branching characteristics, 81/2-week flowering response time. The new plant produces a very desirable branched flowering pot plant for the early to mid-season holiday market. Poinsetta `846` is resistant to epinasty after being confined to shipping containers. The post-production foliage and bract retention is excellent even under low light intensities in the consumer&#39;s home.

BACKGROUND OF THE PLANT

This new poinsetta cultivar, `846`, originated as an induced self-branching sport of a seedling known as `R-09` (not patented) in my greenhouse in Encinitas, Calif. It was selected because of its large, dark red flower bracts, dark green foliage, self-branching characteristics, and mid-season flowering response; traits that distinguish it from other poinsettia cultivars, and seem to make it a desirable plant for commercial greenhouse production. After selection, `846` was vegetatively reproduced from stem cuttings for test purposes in Encinitas, Calif. `R-09` is a proprietary plant and there are no specimens in the public domain. Poinsettia `R-09` is not self-branching in that no axillary branches develop as long as the apical bud is not removed (pinched). `846` is self-branching in that during development axillary branches elongate without removal of the apical bud. If under short day conditions, the axillary branches will develop inflorescences. By subjecting clones of this plant to successive generations of vegetative propagation, it was demonstrated that the distinctive characteristics of `846` held true from generation to generation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS

Poinsettia `846` is illustrated in the accompanying color photographs.

The upper photograph is a side view of a branched plant.

The lower photograph is a top view of the same `846` plant showing flower and bract formation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PLANT

The following is a detailed description of this new poinsettia as observed in Encinitas, Calif., USA during December 1996. Observations were recorded from flowering plants, grown as one branched plant per pot. The pot was 14 cm in diameter and 11 cm in height. Color designations are compared to the 1986 edition R.H.S. Colour Chart, first published in 1966 by The Royal Horticultural Society, London, England.

THE PLANT

Origin: Sport of a seedling. The sport was induced by application of the procedures set forth in U.S. Patent No. 4,724,276 to the seedling parent plant. Rootstock used was `Angelika` (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,492).

Classification:

Botanical.--Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.

Common name.--Poinsettia

Cultivar name.--`846`.

Form: Shrub.

Height: Short-medium.

Growth habit: As a single stemmed plant, upright and vigorous with self-branching side shoots. The application of a chemical growth retardant may be needed to restrict height for commerical pot plant production. I observed a branched plant in a pot with an overall height of 36 cm and an overall width of 46 cm. The diameter of individual inflorescences is 33 cm.

Branching: Axillary branches will develop and terminate in an inflorescence without pinching. However, it is usually desirable to pinch `846` before flower induction and remove all terminal dominance. Then, all axillary branches will develop uniformly and at a faster rate.

Growth rate: Rooting of stem cutting occurs in 12-18 days under intermittent mist. The plant will flower in about 81/2 weeks under continuous long night conditions and night temperatures of about 16-18° C.

Foliage: The foliage is clean and uniformly medium dark green from bottom to top of the plant. The leaves are of medium size, leaf blades typically 12 cm long and 8 cm wide with leaf petioles 5 cm long, red on top and greenish under. The upper leaf surface is glabrous and the under surface is finely pubescent.

Leaf shape.--Typical leaves are generally ovate with obtuse to acute bases and acuminate tips. Leaf margins are strongly dentate with 2 lobes on each side of the leaf blade and some are entire.

Color.--Upper side--Dark green, much darker than R.H.S. 147A. Under side--Green, R.H.S. 147 A-B.

Retention.--The foliage lasts extremely well even under low light intensities in the consumer's home.

Bracts: Generally there are 16-20 dark red bracts of various sizes subtending the cyathia. The primary bracts have blades typically 17 cm long and 8-9 cm wide. Petioles are 3 cm long, dark red on both the upper and under surfaces. There are 3-4 large, pendulous dark red transitional leaves below the cyathia, 18 cm long and 12 cm wide.

Shape.--Primary bracts are ovate with acute bases and acuminate tips. Primary bract margins are entire. Secondary bracts are of various sizes, broadly elliptic, and have entire margins.

Color.--Upper side--Dark red, R.H.S. 46A-B. Under side--Red, nearest R.H.S. 53C.

Flowers: Generally, 8-10 cyathia (flowers) per inflorescence are present when the plant is in full bloom. Each cyathium is about 7 mm long and 7 mm wide, green in color, and fringed red at the distal end. One yellow nectar cup protrudes from the side of each cyathium. The flower pedicel is also green and about 5 mm in length. The stamens protruding from the cyathia are red. The anthers are bifurcate; the pollen is yellow and copious. The stigmas are dark red and trifurcate.

Nectar exudate.--None.

Seeds.--Self-incompatible.

Fertility.--Not observed.

Post production: Poinsettia `846` is resistant to epinasty after confined to shipping containers and retains its leaves and flower bracts for several weeks in the consumer's home environment.

Disease resistance: Typical of the species. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A new and distinct Poinsettia plant, substantially as herein shown and described, distinguished by its large, dark red flower bracts, dark green foliage, self-branching 